Prayer

A. Introduction

 qath'i of al-Qur'an, Sunnah, and the Consensus of Moslems throughout the ages. There is no person who would refuse the obligation to pray except infidels or zindiq. For all the arguments that there is an obligation on every prayer implicitly Moslems men and women who have puberty, in a safe state, fear, healthy and sick,

and in a state resident and traveler, that every state has a special way for him, in accordance with each state. Even the smallest children were ordered to conduct prayers when he was 7 years old, and be beaten if they did not want to pray at the age of 10 years, although not puberty (up to age).

Praying for Muslims is an obligation that must be carried out under any circumstances, because prayer is the pillar of religion and is a barometer / measure levels of one's faith, of prayer here can be seen the extent to which the quality of his religion. Prayers are obliged to postulate that

Prayer is the greatest worship after two creed sentence. All Shari'ah revealed by Allah through the angel Gabriel except prayer, Allah called the prophet Muhammad's own ascension to receive prayer Shari'ah directly in a place that no single creature Allah ever set foot in addition to the Messenger. Prayer is also the most basic shari'ah of each apostles of Allah and the main support for the religion of Allah imposed on their shoulders.

Description. Posts containing discussion of prayer consists of six sub-topics, namely; definition of prayer, the law of prayer, the terms of prayer, pillars of prayer, features and functions of prayer, and wisdom is prescribed prayers.

Purpose. To know things related to prayer, and to improve the quality of someone's prayer.                           

B. Definition of Prayer

     

Prayer within the meaning of the language is "prayer" pleading virtue and praise. "As for the definition of prayer as desired shari'ah is defined by a jurist with the phrase:

أقوال وأفعال مفتتحة بالتكبر و مختتمة بالتسليم يتعبدبها بشرائط مخصوصة

Meaning: Some words and deeds that starts with Takbeer and closed with a greeting with which we worship God according to the predetermined condition. (Al-Jazary, al-Fiqh 'ala al-Arba'ah Mazahib, Juz. 1: 226).

C. Law of Prayer

     

Prayer legal fardhu 'ain for every person of faith, both men and women. Allah has ordered us to establish the prayer, as His Word in the letter an-Nisa 'verse 103:

فأ قيموا الصلوة ان الصلوة كانت على المؤ منين كتبا موقوت ...

 Meaning: ... And establish the prayer. Indeed the prayer is timed obligation upon those who believe. (Qur'an Translations, 1992: 138)

As for praying, the beginning of the obligatory law is the beginning of time. As word of the Prophet: "From Ibn Mas'ud ra he said: It has been said of the Prophet:" The beginning of worship is more important is to offer prayers at the beginning of time. "(Reported by Tirmidhi and Hakim; quoted from at-Tirmidhi, Jami 'at-Tirmidhi , Juz. 1: 190)

D. The terms of Prayer

   

a. Terms obligatory prayers

        Imam an-Nawawi said in his famous work al-Majmoo 'Sharh al-Muhazzab that the mandatory requirement to pray there are 7 (seven):

1. Islam

2. Sacred from menstruation and parturition

3. intelligent

4. puberty

5. Have to preaching to him (the Prophet commands)

6. See and hear

7. Keep. (al-Majmoo ', 1996, Juz. 3: 115)

b. Terms legitimate prayer

        Legitimate requirement that the conditions to be met before prayer, if left one of the legitimate requirement, then his prayer is not valid. As for the legitimate requirements according to al-Jazary are:

1. Holy of minor and major impurity

2. Holy body, clothes, and a place for prayer

3. Go to the time of prayer

4. Close the genitalia

5. Facing the Qiblah. (al-Jazary, al-Fiqh, 1990, Juz. 3: 229)

E. Pillars-pillars of Prayer

     

The following are the pillars of prayer:

1. Intention

2. Stand up for who is able to

3. Takbiratul Ihram

4. Read the letter al-Fatihah

5. Ruku 'and thuma'ninah / pause

6. 'Itidal and thuma'ninah

7. prostration twice and thuma'ninah

8. Sitting between the two prostrations and thuma'ninah

9. Sitting tasyahud end and thuma'ninah

10. Reading tasyahud end and sit

11. Reading blessings on the Prophet

12. Giving regards the first

13. Conduct. (An-Nawawi, al-Majmoo ', Juz. 3: 120)

F. Features and Functions prayer

     

Prayer has several features, among others:

1. Prayer is worship corporal who initially required to Allah to His Messenger, before other bodily worship.

2. Prayer is the pillar of religion

3. Prayers difardhukan sky at night ascension

4. Prayer is the beginning of a charity that is judged in the hereafter, and the end of the worship that left people in the world.

5. Prayer, primary  syi'ar Islam, and as strong as rope-strong nexus between the slave of Allah. (Hasbi ash-Shiddieqi, 2001: 31-34)

Praying serves to reinforce and maintain the stability of the faith, gives higher awareness about the implications of the faith in a more tangible form of the deeds. It is praying becomes the interface between faith abstract with a real charity. Praying also has the effect of solidarity that is capable of connecting diverse scope of social life.

QS al-Ma'un Verses 1-7 are specifically explained: "Do you (people) who reject religion? So that people who rebuked the orphan, and do not encourage the feeding of the poor. So woe to those who pray, (that) those who neglect to prayer, which do riya and reluctantly (providing) assistance "

 The above verse confirms that the absence of social awareness is an indication of the falsity (hypocrites) in religion and that the activities of praying instead condemned if they do not deliver social conviction.

Prayers can also serve as a means of direct communication between the slave and God, the means to obtain happiness, and as one of the largest facilities in the purification of the soul. (Sa'id Hawwa, Purifying the Soul, 2000: 33).

G. Wisdom Prayer Required

     

The wisdom of prayer consists of three dimensions, namely:

1. The spiritual dimension, prayer can be reassuring

     Because much air a person in prayer supplications or perform prayer glorifies Allah, remembering the greatness and mercy so his heart becomes calm and serene

2. The physical dimensions, prayer can nourish the body

     Every movement, every change in the attitude and movement and posture, at the time of prayer, is the most perfect in maintaining the health condition of our body.

3. The social dimension, prayer can educate democratic life and social justice

     Five daily prayers should not be carried out alone but can also be performed in congregation, with the congregation that we can create an atmosphere of togetherness, harmonious and in tune, the congregation also can generate trust congregation and the priest. (Ahmad Zuhdi, 2001: 17)

H. Conclusion

     

Prayer is the first time are required to worship God to each of the faithful men and women, which measures the quality of one's faith. Salah perfect and harmonious terms can provide peace of heart, health agencies, and can educate the soul of democratic and socially equitable for the people who carry it out.

       This paper would be able to become spirit for every individual Moslem in maintaining and improving the quality of worship.

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Reference:

1. MORA, Quran translation, Jakarta: Ministry of RI, 1992.

2. Sa'id Hawwa, Purifying the Soul, Jakarta: Rabbani Press, 2000.

3. Abdurrahman al-Jazary, Fiqh 'ala al-Arba'ah Mazahib, Beirut: Dar al-Pole al-Ilmiyah, 1990.

4. An-Nawawi, al-Majmoo 'Sharh al-Muhazzab, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1996.

5. Hasbi ash-Shiddieqi, Guidelines Salah, Jakarta: PT. Reader Rizki Putra, 2011.

6. at-Tirmidhi, Jami 'at-Tirmidhi, Riyadh: Darussalam, 1420H.

7. Ahmad Zuhdi DH, Esoteric Dimension Worship Prayer, Jakarta: Pustaka Madani, 2001.